Principios del análisis económico de los mercados digitales

Resumen

En este trabajo presentamos una revisión del análisis económico de los mercados digitales y de sus protagonistas, las plataformas. Estos mercados poseen una serie de características que, debido al impacto de la tecnología digital, dificultan el desarrollo de la competencia y crean una tendencia hacia la concentración. Esta situación puede suponer reducciones importantes del bienestar social y el excedente de los consumidores. Por ello, es importante estudiar medidas regulatorias y de competencia que minimicen el impacto negativo de estos problemas.

Palabras clave:

mercados digitales, plataformas, efectos de red, competencia, política de competencia

Citas

Argentesi, E., Buccirossi, P., Calvano, E., Duso, T., Marrazzo, A., & Nava, S. (2020). Merger Policy in Digital Markets: An Ex Post Assessment. Journal of Competition Law & Economics, 17(1), 95-140. https://doi.org/10.1093/joclec/nhaa020

Armstrong, M. (2006). Competition in two-sided markets. RAND Journal of Economics, 37(3), 668-691. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25046266

Belleflamme, P., & Peitz, M. (2021). The Economics of Platforms: Concepts and Strategy. Cambridge University Press.

Cabral, L., Haucap, J., Parker, G., Petropoulos, G., Valletti, T., & Van Alstyne, M. (2021). The EU Digital Markets Act: A report from a Panel of Economic Experts. Publications Office of the European Union. ISBN 978-92-76-29788-8, JRC122910. https://doi.org/10.2760/139337

Caillaud, B., & Jullien, B. (2003). Chicken & Egg: Competition among Intermediation Service Providers. RAND Journal of Economics, 34(2), 309-328. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1593720

Calvano, E., & Polo, M. (2021). Market power, competition and innovation in digital markets: A survey. Information Economics and Policy, 54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2020.100853

CMA, Competition & Markets Authority, United Kingdom. (2020). Online platforms and digital advertising market study. https://www.gov.uk/cma-cases/online-platforms-and-digital-advertising-market-study#final-report

CNMC, Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia. (2021). Estudio sobre las condiciones de competencia en el sector de la publicidad online en España (E/CNMC/002/19). https://www.cnmc.es/expedientes/ecnmc00219

Crémer, J., de Montjoye, Y.-A., & Schweitzer, H. (2019). Competition policy for the digital era. European Commission: Directorate-General for Competition. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2763/407537

Deller, D., Doan, T., & Mariuzzo, F. (2021). Competition and Innovation in Digital Markets (BEIS Research Paper No. 2021/040). Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003985/uae-ccp-report__1_.pdf

Evans, D. S., & Schmalensee, R. (2016). Matchmakers: The New Economics of Multisided Platforms. Harvard Business Review Press.

Furman, J., Coyle, D., Fletcher, A., McAuley, D., & Mardsen, P. (2019). Unlocking digital competition, Report of the Digital Competition Expert Panel. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/unlocking-digital-competition-report-of-the-digital-competition-expert-panel

Goldfarb, A., & Tucker, C. (2019). Digital Economics. Journal of Economic Literature, 57(1), 3-43. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20171452

Hagiu, A., & Wright, J. (2015). Multi-sided platforms. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 43, 162-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2015.03.003

Jullien, B., & Sand-Zantman, W. (2021). The Economics of Platforms: A Theory Guide for Competition Policy. Information Economics and Policy, 54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2020.100880

Katz, M. L., & Shapiro, C. (1994). Systems Competition and Network Effects. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(2), 93-115. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.8.2.93

Krämer, J., Schnurr, S., & Broughton Micova, S. (2020). The role of data for digital markets contestability. Case studies and data access remedies. CERRE, Policy Report No. 09/2020. https://cerre.eu/publications/data-digital-markets-contestability-case-studies-and-data-access-remedies/

Levin, J. D. (2011). The Economics of Internet Markets (NBER Working Paper No. 16852). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w16852

Motta, M., & Peitz, M. (2020). Big Tech Mergers (CEPR Discussion Paper No. 14353). Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=14353

OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2021). Ex ante Regulation and Competition in Digital Markets (OECD Competition Committee Discussion Paper). https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/ex-ante-regulation-and-competition-in-digital-markets.htm

Parker, G., Petropoulos, G., & Van Alstyne, M. (2020). Digital platforms and antitrust (Bruegel Working Paper No. 6). https://www.bruegel.org/2020/11/digital-platforms-and-antitrust/

Rochet, J.-C., & Tirole, J. (2003). Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets. Journal of the European Economic Association, 1(4), 990-1029. https://academic.oup.com/jeea/article/1/4/990/2280902

Scott Morton, F., Bouvier, P., Ezrachi, A., Jullien, B., Katz, R., Kimmelman, G., Melamed, A. D., & Morgenstern, J. (2019). Committee for the Study of Digital Platforms Market Structure and Antitrust Subcommittee. George J. Stigler Center for the Study of the Economy and the State. The University of Chicago Booth school of Business. https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/download/morton-written-submission

Shy, O. (2011). A Short Survey of Network Economics. Review of Industrial Organization, 38, 119-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-011-9288-6

Skillicorn, N. (2019). Top 1000 companies that spend the most on Research & Development (charts and analysis). Idea to Value. https://www.ideatovalue.com/inno/nickskillicorn/2019/08/top-1000-companies-that-spend-the-most-on-research-development-charts-and-analysis/